ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka metala silika

ʻO ka metala silikoni, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka silicon industrial a i ʻole ka silika crystalline, i hana pinepine ʻia e ka hoʻemi kalapona o ka silicon dioxide i loko o nā umu uila. ʻO kona hoʻohana nui ʻana he mea hoʻohui no nā ʻāpana non-ferrous a ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomaka no ka hana ʻana i ka silicon semiconductor a me ka organosilicon.

Ma Kina, hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia ka metala silicon e like me ka ʻike o nā mea haumia nui ʻekolu i loko: hao, aluminika a me ka calcium. E like me ka pakeneka maʻiʻo o ka hao, aluminika a me ka calcium i loko o ka metala silika, metala silika hiki ke maheleia i 553, 441, 411, 421, 3303, 3305, 2202, 2502, 1501, 1101 a me na mea like ole. Hoʻopili ʻia nā huahelu mua a me ka lua no ka pākēneka o ka hao a me ka aluminika, a ʻo ka helu ʻekolu a me ka ʻehā e hōʻike ana i ka ʻike o ka calcium. No ka laʻana, ʻo 553 ke ʻano o ka mea hao, aluminika a me ka calcium he 5%, 5%, 3%; ʻO 3303 ka mea o ka hao, ka alumini a me ka calcium he 3%, 3%, 0.3%).

Hana ʻia ka hana ʻana o ka metala silika ma ke ʻano carbothermal, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka silica a me ka mea hoʻemi carbonaceous i loko o ka umu oka. ʻO ka maʻemaʻe o ka silika i hana ʻia ma kēia ʻano he 97% a 98%, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēlā ʻano silika i nā kumu metallurgical. Inā makemake ʻoe e kiʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka silika, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā ia e wehe i nā haumia, a loaʻa ka maʻemaʻe o 99.7% a i 99.8% o ka silika metala.

ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka metala silikona me ke one quartz ma ke ʻano he mea maka, aia kekahi mau ʻanuʻu o ka hana ʻana i ke one quartz block, hoʻomākaukau uku a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka umu ahi.

Ma keʻano laulā, e hoʻohana pono ʻia ke one quartz kiʻekiʻe i ka hana ʻana i nā huahana aniani quartz kiʻekiʻe, a hiki ke hana ʻia i loko o ka helu gem e like me ke aniani, tourmaline a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka papa, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā waihona, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kūlana mining, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uila a puni, kūpono ia no ka hana ʻana i ka metala silika.

I kēia manawa, ka hana ʻana o Kina i ke kaʻina hana ʻana o ke kalapona kalapona: ka hoʻohana maʻamau o ka silica e like me nā mea maka, ka aila coke, ka lanahu, nā ʻāpana lāʻau, ka lanahu lehu haʻahaʻa a me nā mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻē aʻe, i loko o ka umu wela wela kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, e hōʻemi ana i ka metala silicon. mai ka silica, ka mea he slag free submerged arc kiʻekiʻe wela hoʻoheheʻe kaʻina.

No laila, ʻoiai ua unuhi ʻia ka metala silika mai ka silica mai, ʻaʻole kūpono nā silica a pau no ka hana ʻana i ka metala silika. ʻO ke one maʻamau a mākou e ʻike nei i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻaʻole ia ke ʻano maka maoli o ka metala silika, akā ʻo ke one quartz i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻoihana i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, a ua hana ʻia i ka hopena he nui no ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka wehe ʻana mai ke one a hiki i ka metala silicon.